| French and Indian War | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||
| Combatants | |||||||||
| France | Great Britian | ||||||||
| Commanders | |||||||||
| Louis XV, Marquis Duquesne |
George III, William Pitt | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| 11, 800, along with 2,200 Natives | 50,000 | ||||||||
| Casualties | |||||||||
| 11,000 killed, wounded, or captured | 11,300 killed, wounded, or captured | ||||||||
The French and Indian War (also called The War That Made America)was a conflict that lasted from 1754-1763, and was fought on the continent of North America. The war was actually a chapter of the much larger conflict that was known as the Seven Years' War.
Struggle over North America[]
Throughout the 1740s, the British colonies of North America were very cautious of the French encroachment into the Ohio Country. Realizing that their Native allies might join with France if provided with enough trading supplies, Britain sent traders of their own to make peace with the Natives. However, the French were not deterred, and continued their move into the Ohio River Valley. Therefore, Governor Robert Dinwiddie of Virginia, ordered that a small outpost be constructed at the point where the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers flow into the Ohio River.
Work began on the small fort in the spring of 1754, and was about half way done, when a force of nearly 2,000 French and allied Natives surrounded the garrison. The forty workers constructing the post surrendered without even firing a shot. The French then set about finishing the fort and named it Fort Duquesne. Hearing of the surrender, Colonel George Washington marched his four-hundred man army to within a hundred miles of the Forks of the Ohio in hopes of recapturing the point from the French. On May 28th, Washington along with thirty men ambushed a small French force of scouts under the command of Joseph Coulon de Jumonville. All but one of the French soldiers were either killed, wounded, or captured (including Jumonville) during the skirmish.
Forces[]
- British
- French
- Native Americans
- American Colonists
Engagements[]
| Year | Dates | Event | Location |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1754 | May 28th July 3rd |
Battle of Jumonville Glen Battle of the Great Meadows (Fort Necessity) |
Uniontown, Pennsylvania Uniontown, Pennsylvania |
| 1755 | May 29th – July 9th June 3rd – 16th July 9th September 8th |
Braddock expedition Battle of Fort Beauséjour Battle of the Monongahela Battle of Lake George |
Western Pennsylvania Sackville, New Brunswick Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Lake George, New York |
| 1756 | March 27 August 10th – 14th September 8th |
Battle of Fort Bull Battle of Fort Oswego Battle of Kittanning |
Rome, New York Oswego, New York Kittanning, Pennsylvania |
| 1757 | August 2nd – 6th December 8th |
Battle of Fort William Henry Second Battle of Bloody Creek |
Lake George, New York Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia |
| 1758 | June 8th - July 26th July 7th – 8th August 25 September 14th October 12th |
Second Battle of Louisbourg Battle of Carillon (Fort Ticonderoga) Battle of Fort Frontenac Battle of Fort Duquesne Battle of Fort Ligonier |
Louisbourg, Nova Scotia Ticonderoga, New York Kingston, Ontario Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Western Pennsylvania |
| 1759 | July 6th – 26th July 31st September 13th |
Battle of Ticonderoga (1759) Battle of Fort Niagara Battle of Beauport Battle of the Plains of Abraham |
Ticonderoga, New York Fort Niagara, New York Quebec City Quebec City |
| 1760 | April 28th July 3-8th August 16th – 24th |
Battle of Sainte-Foy Battle of Restigouche Battle of the Thousand Islands |
Quebec City Pointe-a-la-Croix, Quebec Ogdensburg, New York |
| 1762 | September 15th | Battle of Signal Hill | St. John's, Newfoundland |
| 1763 | February 10th | Treaty of Paris | Paris, France |